ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To reflect on the use of phenomenological analysis in nursing research through the hermeneutical circle of Martin Heidegger. Method: Theoretical reflection based on Martin Heidegger's concepts through literature review. Results: Phenomenology is a philosophical referential to address lived phenomena; Heidegger emphasizes the essence of being in the world bound in experiences, the hermeneutical circle is a methodological referential of analysis to understand the world lived by the being through a pre-understanding; an understanding and an interpretation to reveal the essence of the phenomenon. Conclusions and implications for practice: Nursing can make use the hermeneutic circle to understand, from a philosophical view, the phenomena in the language of those who experience them, to unveil them and to understand the subjectivity of care.
Resumo Objetivo: Refletir sobre o uso da análise fenomenológica na pesquisa em enfermagem por meio do círculo hermenêutico de Martin Heidegger. Método: Reflexão teórica baseada nos conceitos de Martin Heidegger através da revisão de literatura. Resultados: A fenomenologia é um referencial filosófico para abordar os fenômenos vividos. Heidegger enfatiza a essência de estar no mundo envolto em experiências, o círculo hermenêutico é um referencial metodológico de análise para compreender o mundo vivido pelo ser através de uma pré-compreensão, uma compreensão e uma interpretação para desvendar a essência do fenômeno. Conclusão e implicações para a prática: A enfermagem pode fazer uso do círculo hermenêutico para compreender, a partir de uma visão filosófica, os fenômenos na linguagem de quem os vivencia, para revelá-los e compreender a subjetividade do cuidado.
Resumen Objetivo: Reflexionar acerca del uso del análisis fenomenológico en investigación de enfermería a través del círculo hermenéutico de Martín Heidegger. Método: Reflexión teórica basada en conceptos de Martín Heidegger a través de la revisión de literatura. Resultados: La fenomenología es un referencial filosófico para abordar fenómenos vividos; Heidegger enfatiza la esencia del ser en el mundo envuelto en experiencias, el círculo herméutico es un referencial metodológico de análisis para comprender el mundo vivido por el ser a través de una pre-comprensión; una comprensión y una interpretación para desvelar la esencia del fenómeno. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica: La enfermería puede hacer uso del círculo hermenéutico para comprender, a partir de una visión filosófica, los fenómenos en el lenguaje de quienes los experimentan, para desvelarlos y comprender la subjetividad del cuidado.
Subject(s)
Humans , Nursing Research/ethics , Hermeneutics , Philosophy , Empathy/ethicsABSTRACT
Las vulneraciones de los derechos humanos a lo largo de la historia desarrollaron las directrices éticas de la investigación científica. OBJETIVO: Reflexionar sobre los aspectos y principios éticos involucrados, características y principales conflictos actuales relacionados con el proceso del consentimiento informado (CI). RESULTADOS: Los resultados principales dejaron a la luz los principales conflictos al llevar a cabo investigaciones con poblaciones vulnerables, así como también las barreras asociadas a la aplicación y comprensión del proceso de CI. CONCLUSIÓN: La violación de derechos en seres humanos para la investigación dio pie a la creación del CI como medida ética y legal a quienes participan en ella, cuidando especialmente a poblaciones más vulnerables. Además la incorporación de esta temática a la formación de profesionales permitió defender los derechos de los participantes e impedir que actos crueles vuelvan a ocurrir.
Violations of human rights throughout history developed ethical guidelines for scientific research. AIM: Reflection on the aspects and ethical principles involved, main characteristics and current conflicts related to the process of informed consent (IC). RESULTS: The main results showwhat were the main conflicts in conducting research with vulnerable populations, as well as the barriers associated with the application and understanding of IC process. CONCLUSION: violation of human rights for research gaverise to the creation of CI as an ethical and legal measure to those involved in it, especially caring for vulnerable populations. In addition, the incorporation of this subject to the training of professionals allowed to defend the rights of the participants and to prevent cruel acts from happening again
Subject(s)
Humans , Nursing Research/ethics , Conflict of Interest , Vulnerable Populations , Informed Consent/ethics , Human RightsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This paper was written to introduce methods of using the research ethics committee (RES) from requesting the initial review to reporting the close-out for nursing researchers. METHODS: General ethical principles were described by reviewing the 'Bioethics and Safety Act' and other related guidelines, and constructing some questions and answers. RESULTS: The results were composed of three parts; definition of RES, steps in using RES, and archiving. The 7 steps for using RES were; identifying whether the study needed to be reviewed, by the RES identifying whether the study could be exempted, requesting the initial review after preparing documents, requesting the re-review, requesting an amendment review, requesting a continuing review and reporting the close-out. CONCLUSION: Nursing researchers need to receive RES approval before starting nursing research involving human subjects. Nursing researchers are urged to use the steps reported in this paper to receive RES approval easily and quickly.
Subject(s)
Humans , Ethics Committees, Research/organization & administration , Guidelines as Topic , Nursing Research/ethicsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify trends for studies published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing and journals published by member societies from inaugural issues to 2010. METHODS: A total of 6890 studies were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Quantitative studies accounted for 83.6% while qualitative studies accounted for 14.4%. Most frequently used research designs were quasi-experimental (91.1%) for experimental research and survey (85.2%) for non-experimental research. Most frequent study participants were healthy people (35.8%), most frequent nursing interventions, nursing skills (53.5%), and 39.8% used knowledge, attitude and behavior outcomes for dependent variables. Most frequently used keyword was elderly. Survey studies decreased from 1991 to 2010 by approximately 50%, while qualitative studies increased by about 20%. True experimental research (1.2%) showed no significant changes. Studies focusing on healthy populations increased from 2001-2005 (37.5%) to 2006-2010 (41.0%). From 1970 to 2010, studies using questionnaire accounted for over 50% whereas physiological measurement, approximately 5% only. Experimental studies using nursing skill interventions increased from 1970-1980 (30.4%) to 2006-2010 (64.0%). No significant changes were noted in studies using knowledge, attitude and behavior (39.9% ) as dependent variables. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that further expansion of true experimental, qualitative studies and physiological measurements are needed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Asian People , Nursing Research/ethics , Publishing , Qualitative Research , Republic of Korea , Research DesignABSTRACT
Este estudo busca desenvolver uma reflexão acerca das precauções a serem tomadas na utilização de entrevistas enquanto instrumento de pesquisa, principalmente quando da abordagem de sujeitos na condição de vulnerabilidade. Pois, a maioria das pessoas acredita que apenas as pesquisas que envolvam experimentos físicos podem trazer riscos aos sujeitos, esquecendo-se que, toda e qualquer pesquisa envolve riscos, e que estes devem ser previstos e analisados pelo pesquisador. Ao mudar essa visão, ampliaremos os nossos horizontes éticos e poderemos refletir sobre as pesquisas que contenham como instrumento de coleta de dados questionamentos, tais como as entrevistas, avaliando criteriosamente o conteúdo das questões, o modo de abordagem das mesmas e até mesmo a relação com o tipo de sujeito que será entrevistado.
Subject(s)
Humans , Qualitative Research , Nursing Research/ethics , Bioethics , Data CollectionABSTRACT
Em pesquisas com seres humanos, devem ser preservados os princípios bioéticos fundamentais. Objetivo deste estudo: levantamento de problemas éticos em pesquisas de enfermeiros, a partir de pareceres dos membros do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da FAMERP. Estudo descritivo exploratório, retrospectivo. Foram analisados todos os pareceres (2001 a 2002), através de um roteiro de coleta. A maioria dos pesquisadores pertenciam à FAMERP (85 por cento); os projetos foram realizados principalmente no Hospital de Base (44 por cento); 68 por cento dos projetos estavam adequados; 32 por cento inadequados; 100 por cento considerados relevantes; 60 por cento apresentavam benefícios diretos; 68 por cento dos termos de consentimento estavam adequados, mas 19 por cento apresentavam informação deficiente. Chamou-nos a atenção a estrutura do protocolo onde 21 por cento continham campos inadequados. Destaca-se a necessidade de Educação Continuada junto a estes profissionais.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bioethics , Ethics, Nursing , Nursing Research/ethics , Guidelines as Topic , Retrospective Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
An affinity for narrative is shared by researchers across a broad range of disciplines. Narrative inquiry is an option for nurse researchers who are interested in using qualitative methods to explore experiences with nursing, health and illness. In this paper, we discuss the methodological and epistemological challenges, tensions and opportunities we encountered in the process of developing feminist narrative interpretations, an approach to narrative inquiry grounded in both nursing and feminist perspectives